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  • Our organisation
    • ▽△About us
      • What we believe
      • Our values
      • ▽△News and views
        • Beautiful rainbow photoshoot for parents pregnant after six miscarriages
        • Chlamydia and miscarriage
        • Confessions of a Junk Dealer
        • Football crazy for Tommy's!
        • Powerful short film project about a father's response to stillbirth
        • Tommy's Birmingham centre to pave the way towards better maternity care
        • We need to raise awareness about pre-eclampsia
      • Who's who at Tommy's
      • ▽△Our campaigns
        • ▽△#MisCOURAGE campaign
          • Miscarrying became normal
        • Baby Loss Awareness Week 2016
      • ▽△Get in touch
        • Complaints policy
        • Trustees and patrons
        • Media requests
      • Tommy's Scorecard
    • ▽△Our research
      • ▽△Miscarriage research
        • ▽△Early miscarriage research centre - introduction
          • Mifepristone and misoprostol for the medical management of missed miscarriage
          • The PROMISE trial - progesterone for recurrent miscarriage
        • Miscarriage research centre - clinicians
        • Investing in the future: a clinical training programme for miscarriage
        • A national Tommy’s miscarriage trial platform
        • CONCEIVE: how does the health of your heart affect the risk of miscarriage?
        • Can bacteria affect the risk of miscarriage?
        • Can sitagliptin help increase stem cells in the wombs of women who have suffered recurrent miscarriages?
        • Does maternal age affect the timing and ease of birth?
        • Exploring new techniques to diagnose genetic problems in miscarriage
        • Get updated when we have referrals information ready
        • How does the immune system affect the chance of miscarriage?
        • Improving miscarriage support for women, partners and family
        • Looking at the lining of the womb to find out if a woman is at risk of miscarriage
        • MAVRIC - testing the abdominal stitch
        • Sickle cell disease and pregnancy
        • The ABPEP study - Finding ectopic pregnancies earlier
        • The EPOS study: following women throughout pregnancy to understand miscarriage
        • The PIEPE study: looking at the psychological effects of miscarriage
        • The PRECISE study: how to spot heart problems earlier in pregnancy
        • The PRISM trial - bleeding in early pregnancy and miscarriage
        • The SiM trial: can scratching the lining of the womb encourage healthy pregnancy?
        • The effect of sperm damage in miscarriage
        • Tommy's Net
        • Using fetal DNA to find reasons for miscarriage
      • ▽△Stillbirth research
        • Asking the right questions – setting the agenda for future stillbirth research
        • Assessing how healthy babies are when they start moving less than normal (FEMINA2)
        • Can low levels of taurine make stillbirth more likely?
        • Could beetroot juice be used to treat fetal growth restriction?
        • Diabetes and the risk of stillbirth
        • Does arrhythmia cause stillbirth in the babies of women with liver disease?
        • Does specialist care reduce the number of stillbirths?
        • Finding new treatments to improve placental function and prevent stillbirth
        • Improving pregnancy outcomes by engaging women in their own safety (the REACH-UK study)
        • Improving support in a pregnancy after stillbirth or neonatal death (the IMPS study)
        • Improving the management of early onset fetal growth restriction
        • Inflammation of the placenta as a cause of stillbirth
        • Inhibiting microRNAs in the placenta to reduce the risk of stillbirth
        • Is fetal growth restriction caused by failure of the placenta to adapt to nutrient demand?
        • Is there a relationship between bile acid levels and the risk of poor outcomes for babies of mothers with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP)?
        • MRI techniques to help prevent stillbirth
        • MiNESS – is there a link between stillbirth and a woman’s position going to sleep?
        • Monitoring babies’ movements using the FeHeMo vest
        • Older mothers and the ageing placenta
        • Older mothers and the risk of stillbirth
        • PARROT: using placental growth factor to tell if women are at high risk of pre-eclampsia
        • PITCHES: can UDCA help prevent stillbirth in women with liver disease?
        • PUFFIN: using MRI scans to detect complications of pregnancy hypertension
        • Pregnancy in severely obese women: the Edinburgh Antenatal Metabolic Clinic
        • Preventing stillbirth: the role of the immune system in rejecting the placenta
        • Reaching young women with smoking cessation messages
        • ▽△Research into fetal growth restriction
          • Can steroid injections improve blood flow to babies at risk of stillbirth?
          • The role of glutamine and glutamate in fetal growth restriction
          • The role of placental blood vessels in growth restriction and stillbirth
        • Stillbirth and fetal free haemoglobin
        • Targeting drugs to the placenta in high-risk pregnancies
        • Testing for microRNAs to find out when the placenta isn’t working
        • The AFFIRM trial for prevention of stillbirth
        • The DESiGN trial: does the growth assessment protocol (GAP) find which small babies are at risk?
        • The INVEST study: can a period of increased movement be a sign that something is wrong?
        • The Placenta Clinic
        • The Placental Assessment Predicting Pregnancy Outcome (PAPPO) study
        • The Rainbow Clinic
        • The Tommy’s Project: the reasons why pregnancy goes wrong
        • The effects of age on stillbirth
        • The impact of plasma exchange on severe liver disease in pregnancy
        • UPBEAT: using markers in the blood to tell which women are at risk of diabetes during pregnancy
        • Understanding the link between inflammation, the placenta and stillbirth
        • Undiagnosed lupus and unexplained stillbirth
        • Using MRI to study the placenta
        • Viagra: is it an effective treatment for stillbirth (STRIDER)
        • What is the best way of helping women with very early fetal growth restriction?
      • ▽△Premature birth research
        • A 'biobank' to study the genetics of premature birth
        • CLAHRC: a collaboration for leadership in applied health research and care
        • CRADLE: an easy, cheap way to measure blood pressure and detect pregnancy complications in rural communities
        • Can hormones in the gut cause diabetes during pregnancy?
        • Can markers in urine predict the onset of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy?
        • Control of hypertension in pregnancy (the CHIPS study)
        • Does HPV infection increase the risk of preterm birth?
        • Evaluating the impact of a new antenatal screening for gestational diabetes
        • Fetal DNA and preterm labour
        • Finding out who’s at risk: how can we predict preterm labour?
        • Finding ways of preventing preterm labour
        • Helping women with chronic heart and blood vessel problems to have safe, healthy pregnancies
        • How does the sperm of fathers with liver disease affect the health of their children?
        • Infection and fetal development
        • Influences in the womb on the fetal heart
        • Is it safe to use antipsychotics during pregnancy?
        • Is progesterone a cost-effective way to prevent preterm birth? (The OPPTIMUM trial)
        • Looking at inflammation in the womb
        • Low-cost methods of predicting premature births in rural communities
        • NifeDipine or Labetalol for treating existing high blood pressure during pregnancy (the PANDA study)
        • PEACHES: finding out how existing high blood pressure can cause pregnancy complications
        • Potassium channels: a new target for preventing premature birth?
        • Predicting gestational diabetes in obese pregnant women
        • Predicting premature labour using the body’s natural defences
        • Predicting premature labour: the link between vaginal infections and early birth
        • QUIDS - using fibronectin to find out which women with symptoms of preterm labour are at risk
        • Reducing preterm birth rates
        • STOPPIT-2: can the Arabin pessary prevent premature birth in twin pregnancies?
        • SuPPoRT: finding the best way to prevent preterm birth in women with short cervixes
        • Sunshine and healthy babies
        • The GRACES trial: comparing ways of treating diabetes in pregnancy
        • The PHOENIX trial: when should labour be induced in women who develop pre-eclampsia at 34–37 weeks?
        • The Preterm Trials Consortium: using long-term trials to answer difficult questions
        • The QUIPP app: helping doctors decide who is at risk of premature birth
        • The SCOPE study
        • The genetics of premature birth
        • The role of amyloid in pre-eclampsia
        • Tommy’s Reproductive Health Biobank
        • UPBEAT: how does obesity affect iron levels during pregnancy?
        • Understanding changes in the cervix before birth
        • Using ultrasound to diagnose infections during pregnancy
        • What impact does ‘mild’ ICP have on the baby?
        • Why does cervical damage cause preterm labour?
        • World Prematurity Day 2018
      • ▽△Research by complication
        • Cholestasis research
        • Gestational diabetes research
        • Hypertension research
        • ▽△Mental health and wellbeing research
          • An interactive tool to help women decide whether to use antidepressants during pregnancy
          • Enjoy Your Bump: using online tools to improve mental wellbeing during pregnancy
          • Obesity and mental health in pregnancy
        • ▽△Obesity research
          • Can a dietary supplement protect babies from the effects of maternal obesity?
          • High blood pressure in children of obese mothers
          • How does maternal obesity affect future generations?
          • Looking at blood in the umbilical cord to find the missing link between obesity in mother and child
          • Maternal Obesity and Offspring Diabetes (the MOOD study)
          • Metformin and its effects in pregnancy
          • Metformin doesn’t affect fat distribution in mother or baby
          • Stress and obesity in pregnancy: do stress hormones increase the risk of complications?
          • The EU EarlyNutrition study
          • The Edinburgh Antenatal Metabolic Clinic: following up the babies (the HAPPY study)
          • The HAPPY study: the effects of obese pregnancy on children aged 3-5
          • The UPBEAT trial: Results, Implications and Ongoing Studies
          • UPBEAT-TEMPO-HEART: how improving health during pregnancy could lead to healthier hearts in children
          • UPBEAT-TEMPO: does changing lifestyle during pregnancy affect children at age 3-4?
          • UPBEAT: body fat in UPBEAT babies
          • UPBEAT: breastfeeding and obesity
          • UPBEAT: finding out if we can help obese women give birth to babies with less body fat
          • UPBEAT: finding out which obese women will have uncomplicated pregnancies
          • UPBEAT: how does obesity affect blood loss after birth?
          • UPBEAT: how to predict gestational diabetes in obese women
          • UPBEAT: how to tell which babies are too large for their gestational age?
          • UPBEAT: is fat gain during pregnancy linked to diabetes in obese women?
          • UPBEAT: looking at the relation of mothers’ diets with social and demographic factors
          • UPBEAT: the UK Better Eating and Activity Trial
          • UPBEAT: why are some women with diabetes more likely to suffer pregnancy complications?
        • ▽△Pre-eclampsia research
          • Beetroot juice can reduce blood pressure in pregnancy: can we predict which women will respond?
          • Kynurenine as a potential treatment for women with pre-eclampsia
        • ▽△New tests and technologies research
          • Developing a training simulator for amniocentesis
          • The GOT-IT trial – how effective is glyceryl trinitrate for a retained placenta?
          • The Tydeman tube: helping surgeons perform safer caesarean sections
          • The eLIXIR study
        • ▽△Other research
          • Homing peptides: targeting drugs to the placenta
          • Labouring position of women who have had an epidural (the BUMPES study)
          • Looking at twins from pregnancy to childhood (the TWO study)
          • Recreational running in pregnancy (SPORT)
          • Telemetric monitoring of blood sugar levels in pregnant women with diabetes
      • ▽△Research by location
        • London
        • Manchester
        • Edinburgh
        • The National Centre for Miscarriage Research
        • Recent research achievements
        • Our strategy for funding research
        • Research and medical terms explained
        • We raise money to fund our work
      • ▽△Research into health and wellbeing in pregnancy
        • Breastfeeding attitudes among women who give birth to large babies
        • Can we predict which obese pregnant women will have uncomplicated pregnancies and births?
        • Controlling type 1 diabetes in pregnancy: a better way of giving insulin?
        • Do obese pregnant women worry about the risks of pregnancy and birth?
        • Helping women lose weight after pregnancy
        • Preventing diabetes in pregnancy: targeting treatment to women who are most at risk
        • Promoting healthy gut bacteria in babies born by caesarean section: The PROMESA study
        • The CONCEPTT study: should we use insulin pumps or multiple daily injections to control type 1 diabetes in pregnancy
        • The CONCEPTT study: using continuous glucose monitors to improve outcomes in pregnant women with type 1 diabetes
        • UPBEAT: Can fathers influence the development of childhood obesity?
        • UPBEAT: can breastfeeding help to prevent obesity in the babies of obese mothers
        • UPBEAT: predicting the likelihood of gestational diabetes
      • ▽△Our clinics
        • Hypertension in pregnancy clinic
        • The diabetes clinic
      • ▽△Statistics about pregnancy loss
        • Miscarriage statistics
        • Stillbirth statistics
        • Premature birth statistics
        • Pre-eclampsia statistics
      • ▽△Our impact
        • Baby loss rates in the UK
        • Impact of Tommy's clinics 2018
        • Impact of Tommy's information services 2018
        • Impact of Tommy's research centres 2018
      • Saving Babies' Lives Care Bundle
      • ▽△Tell me why
        • Finding the reasons for stillbirth
        • How our research is finding the reasons for miscarriage
        • Predicting and preventing premature birth
        • Tell me WHY - a Tommy's campaign
        • Tell me WHY - a Tommy's campaign
      • Saving Babies' Lives Care Bundle Version 2: reducing pre-term birth
    • ▽△Help and support
      • Miscarriage support
      • Stillbirth support
      • Premature birth support
      • Neonatal loss support
      • The Baby Loss Series
      • ▽△Together for change
        • ▽△Meet the people behind the lens
          • Al and Jen Ferguson
          • Aliyah and Dane Harding
          • Anna Whitehouse
          • Elle Wright
          • Georgina Hayden
          • Giovanna Fletcher
          • Izzy Judd
          • Jeeger Dodhia
          • Jennie Agg
          • Julz Scott
          • Marina Fogle
      • Share your story of baby loss
      • Baby loss stories
      • ▽△Pregnancy information
        • Tommy's work on diet in pregnancy
        • Tommy's work on exercise in pregnancy
        • Tommy's work on mental health in pregnancy
        • Tommy's work on smoking in pregnancy
        • Tommy's work on weight management
      • ▽△Supporter stories
        • A man's guide to miscarriage.
        • Interview with Professor Alex Heazell
        • Sarah's Reason for Running
        • Shane Finney's Reason for Running
        • Why I love October even though I find it hard
      • I would like to be referred to a Tommy's clinic
      • I would like to take part in a Tommy's trial
    • ▽△Get involved
      • ▽△Take part in an event
        • ▽△Run
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          • Brighton Marathon
          • London Marathon
          • London Landmarks Half Marathon
          • Great Manchester Run
          • ASICS Greater Manchester Marathon 2019
          • Manchester Half Marathon 2018
          • The Vitality Big Half 2019
          • Bath Half Marathon
          • The British 10k
          • Edinburgh Marathon Festival
          • Other races
        • ▽△Cycle
          • Prudential RideLondon-Surrey 100
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          • Nightrider London
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          • L’Étape du Tour
        • Swim
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      • ▽△Create your own event
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      • ▽△Get your company involved
        • ▽△Check out our partners
          • Tommy's and Water Babies
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          • Tommy's and Poundland
          • Tommy's and ING
          • ▽△Tommy's and True Capital
            • ▽△True Cycle Challenge
              • Join the True Cycle Challenge and help save babies' lives today
          • Tommy's and Hologic
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          • Tommy's and Tumble Tots
          • Tommy's and Jo Jingles
          • Tommy's and Wow World Group
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          • Tommy's and babyballet
          • Tommy's and Work for Good
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          • Bank ABC
          • M&G Investments
          • Polar Capital
          • Tommy's and BRITAX RÖMER
          • Tommy's and NACFB
          • Tommy's and Parent Apparel
          • Tommy's and The TUI Care Foundation with First Choice
          • Tommy's and aden+anais
          • Tommy's and bubble
          • Tommy's and Mindshare
          • Tommy's and Savoo
        • Make Tommy's your charity of the year
        • Ways to help at work
        • ▽△Pregnancy at work
          • ▽△Information for employees - members only
            • Antenatal care
            • Glossary of terms and forms
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          • ▽△Information for managers - members only
            • Employer's checklist
            • Keeping your pregnant employee safe
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            • ▽△Problems in pregnancy
              • Miscarriage
              • Premature birth
              • Stillbirth
            • Redundancy or dismissal
            • Returning to work
            • Rights for fathers
            • Supporting your pregnant employee
            • Your employee’s antenatal care
          • Join Tommy's Pregnancy at Work scheme
          • Pregnancy at work members' hub
      • ▽△Tommy's Awards 2019
        • Tommy's Awards 2019 stories
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  • General Pages

    • Home
    • Our organisation
      • About us
        • What we believe
        • Our values
        • News and views
          • Beautiful rainbow photoshoot for parents pregnant after six miscarriages
          • Chlamydia and miscarriage
          • Confessions of a Junk Dealer
          • Football crazy for Tommy's!
          • Powerful short film project about a father's response to stillbirth
          • Tommy's Birmingham centre to pave the way towards better maternity care
          • We need to raise awareness about pre-eclampsia
        • Who's who at Tommy's
        • Our campaigns
          • #MisCOURAGE campaign
            • Miscarrying became normal
          • Baby Loss Awareness Week 2016
        • Get in touch
          • Complaints policy
          • Trustees and patrons
          • Media requests
        • Tommy's Scorecard
      • Our research
        • Miscarriage research
          • Early miscarriage research centre - introduction
            • Mifepristone and misoprostol for the medical management of missed miscarriage
            • The PROMISE trial - progesterone for recurrent miscarriage
          • Miscarriage research centre - clinicians
          • Investing in the future: a clinical training programme for miscarriage
          • A national Tommy’s miscarriage trial platform
          • CONCEIVE: how does the health of your heart affect the risk of miscarriage?
          • Can bacteria affect the risk of miscarriage?
          • Can sitagliptin help increase stem cells in the wombs of women who have suffered recurrent miscarriages?
          • Does maternal age affect the timing and ease of birth?
          • Exploring new techniques to diagnose genetic problems in miscarriage
          • Get updated when we have referrals information ready
          • How does the immune system affect the chance of miscarriage?
          • Improving miscarriage support for women, partners and family
          • Looking at the lining of the womb to find out if a woman is at risk of miscarriage
          • MAVRIC - testing the abdominal stitch
          • Sickle cell disease and pregnancy
          • The ABPEP study - Finding ectopic pregnancies earlier
          • The EPOS study: following women throughout pregnancy to understand miscarriage
          • The PIEPE study: looking at the psychological effects of miscarriage
          • The PRECISE study: how to spot heart problems earlier in pregnancy
          • The PRISM trial - bleeding in early pregnancy and miscarriage
          • The SiM trial: can scratching the lining of the womb encourage healthy pregnancy?
          • The effect of sperm damage in miscarriage
          • Tommy's Net
          • Using fetal DNA to find reasons for miscarriage
        • Stillbirth research
          • Asking the right questions – setting the agenda for future stillbirth research
          • Assessing how healthy babies are when they start moving less than normal (FEMINA2)
          • Can low levels of taurine make stillbirth more likely?
          • Could beetroot juice be used to treat fetal growth restriction?
          • Diabetes and the risk of stillbirth
          • Does arrhythmia cause stillbirth in the babies of women with liver disease?
          • Does specialist care reduce the number of stillbirths?
          • Finding new treatments to improve placental function and prevent stillbirth
          • Improving pregnancy outcomes by engaging women in their own safety (the REACH-UK study)
          • Improving support in a pregnancy after stillbirth or neonatal death (the IMPS study)
          • Improving the management of early onset fetal growth restriction
          • Inflammation of the placenta as a cause of stillbirth
          • Inhibiting microRNAs in the placenta to reduce the risk of stillbirth
          • Is fetal growth restriction caused by failure of the placenta to adapt to nutrient demand?
          • Is there a relationship between bile acid levels and the risk of poor outcomes for babies of mothers with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP)?
          • MRI techniques to help prevent stillbirth
          • MiNESS – is there a link between stillbirth and a woman’s position going to sleep?
          • Monitoring babies’ movements using the FeHeMo vest
          • Older mothers and the ageing placenta
          • Older mothers and the risk of stillbirth
          • PARROT: using placental growth factor to tell if women are at high risk of pre-eclampsia
          • PITCHES: can UDCA help prevent stillbirth in women with liver disease?
          • PUFFIN: using MRI scans to detect complications of pregnancy hypertension
          • Pregnancy in severely obese women: the Edinburgh Antenatal Metabolic Clinic
          • Preventing stillbirth: the role of the immune system in rejecting the placenta
          • Reaching young women with smoking cessation messages
          • Research into fetal growth restriction
            • Can steroid injections improve blood flow to babies at risk of stillbirth?
            • The role of glutamine and glutamate in fetal growth restriction
            • The role of placental blood vessels in growth restriction and stillbirth
          • Stillbirth and fetal free haemoglobin
          • Targeting drugs to the placenta in high-risk pregnancies
          • Testing for microRNAs to find out when the placenta isn’t working
          • The AFFIRM trial for prevention of stillbirth
          • The DESiGN trial: does the growth assessment protocol (GAP) find which small babies are at risk?
          • The INVEST study: can a period of increased movement be a sign that something is wrong?
          • The Placenta Clinic
          • The Placental Assessment Predicting Pregnancy Outcome (PAPPO) study
          • The Rainbow Clinic
          • The Tommy’s Project: the reasons why pregnancy goes wrong
          • The effects of age on stillbirth
          • The impact of plasma exchange on severe liver disease in pregnancy
          • UPBEAT: using markers in the blood to tell which women are at risk of diabetes during pregnancy
          • Understanding the link between inflammation, the placenta and stillbirth
          • Undiagnosed lupus and unexplained stillbirth
          • Using MRI to study the placenta
          • Viagra: is it an effective treatment for stillbirth (STRIDER)
          • What is the best way of helping women with very early fetal growth restriction?
        • Premature birth research
          • A 'biobank' to study the genetics of premature birth
          • CLAHRC: a collaboration for leadership in applied health research and care
          • CRADLE: an easy, cheap way to measure blood pressure and detect pregnancy complications in rural communities
          • Can hormones in the gut cause diabetes during pregnancy?
          • Can markers in urine predict the onset of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy?
          • Control of hypertension in pregnancy (the CHIPS study)
          • Does HPV infection increase the risk of preterm birth?
          • Evaluating the impact of a new antenatal screening for gestational diabetes
          • Fetal DNA and preterm labour
          • Finding out who’s at risk: how can we predict preterm labour?
          • Finding ways of preventing preterm labour
          • Helping women with chronic heart and blood vessel problems to have safe, healthy pregnancies
          • How does the sperm of fathers with liver disease affect the health of their children?
          • Infection and fetal development
          • Influences in the womb on the fetal heart
          • Is it safe to use antipsychotics during pregnancy?
          • Is progesterone a cost-effective way to prevent preterm birth? (The OPPTIMUM trial)
          • Looking at inflammation in the womb
          • Low-cost methods of predicting premature births in rural communities
          • NifeDipine or Labetalol for treating existing high blood pressure during pregnancy (the PANDA study)
          • PEACHES: finding out how existing high blood pressure can cause pregnancy complications
          • Potassium channels: a new target for preventing premature birth?
          • Predicting gestational diabetes in obese pregnant women
          • Predicting premature labour using the body’s natural defences
          • Predicting premature labour: the link between vaginal infections and early birth
          • QUIDS - using fibronectin to find out which women with symptoms of preterm labour are at risk
          • Reducing preterm birth rates
          • STOPPIT-2: can the Arabin pessary prevent premature birth in twin pregnancies?
          • SuPPoRT: finding the best way to prevent preterm birth in women with short cervixes
          • Sunshine and healthy babies
          • The GRACES trial: comparing ways of treating diabetes in pregnancy
          • The PHOENIX trial: when should labour be induced in women who develop pre-eclampsia at 34–37 weeks?
          • The Preterm Trials Consortium: using long-term trials to answer difficult questions
          • The QUIPP app: helping doctors decide who is at risk of premature birth
          • The SCOPE study
          • The genetics of premature birth
          • The role of amyloid in pre-eclampsia
          • Tommy’s Reproductive Health Biobank
          • UPBEAT: how does obesity affect iron levels during pregnancy?
          • Understanding changes in the cervix before birth
          • Using ultrasound to diagnose infections during pregnancy
          • What impact does ‘mild’ ICP have on the baby?
          • Why does cervical damage cause preterm labour?
          • World Prematurity Day 2018
        • Research by complication
          • Cholestasis research
          • Gestational diabetes research
          • Hypertension research
          • Mental health and wellbeing research
            • An interactive tool to help women decide whether to use antidepressants during pregnancy
            • Enjoy Your Bump: using online tools to improve mental wellbeing during pregnancy
            • Obesity and mental health in pregnancy
          • Obesity research
            • Can a dietary supplement protect babies from the effects of maternal obesity?
            • High blood pressure in children of obese mothers
            • How does maternal obesity affect future generations?
            • Looking at blood in the umbilical cord to find the missing link between obesity in mother and child
            • Maternal Obesity and Offspring Diabetes (the MOOD study)
            • Metformin and its effects in pregnancy
            • Metformin doesn’t affect fat distribution in mother or baby
            • Stress and obesity in pregnancy: do stress hormones increase the risk of complications?
            • The EU EarlyNutrition study
            • The Edinburgh Antenatal Metabolic Clinic: following up the babies (the HAPPY study)
            • The HAPPY study: the effects of obese pregnancy on children aged 3-5
            • The UPBEAT trial: Results, Implications and Ongoing Studies
            • UPBEAT-TEMPO-HEART: how improving health during pregnancy could lead to healthier hearts in children
            • UPBEAT-TEMPO: does changing lifestyle during pregnancy affect children at age 3-4?
            • UPBEAT: body fat in UPBEAT babies
            • UPBEAT: breastfeeding and obesity
            • UPBEAT: finding out if we can help obese women give birth to babies with less body fat
            • UPBEAT: finding out which obese women will have uncomplicated pregnancies
            • UPBEAT: how does obesity affect blood loss after birth?
            • UPBEAT: how to predict gestational diabetes in obese women
            • UPBEAT: how to tell which babies are too large for their gestational age?
            • UPBEAT: is fat gain during pregnancy linked to diabetes in obese women?
            • UPBEAT: looking at the relation of mothers’ diets with social and demographic factors
            • UPBEAT: the UK Better Eating and Activity Trial
            • UPBEAT: why are some women with diabetes more likely to suffer pregnancy complications?
          • Pre-eclampsia research
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          • New tests and technologies research
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          • Other research
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        • Research by location
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        • Research into health and wellbeing in pregnancy
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          • Controlling type 1 diabetes in pregnancy: a better way of giving insulin?
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          • Promoting healthy gut bacteria in babies born by caesarean section: The PROMESA study
          • The CONCEPTT study: should we use insulin pumps or multiple daily injections to control type 1 diabetes in pregnancy
          • The CONCEPTT study: using continuous glucose monitors to improve outcomes in pregnant women with type 1 diabetes
          • UPBEAT: Can fathers influence the development of childhood obesity?
          • UPBEAT: can breastfeeding help to prevent obesity in the babies of obese mothers
          • UPBEAT: predicting the likelihood of gestational diabetes
        • Our clinics
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        • Statistics about pregnancy loss
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        • Our impact
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          • Tell me WHY - a Tommy's campaign
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    • Pregnancy information
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      • Planning a pregnancy
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      • I’m pregnant
        • Calculate your due date
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          • I've had an abortion in the past. Is this a problem?
        • Pregnancy calendar
          • First trimester: weeks 1 to 12
            • 4 weeks pregnant - what to expect
            • 5 weeks pregnant - what to expect
            • 6 weeks pregnant - what to expect
            • 7 weeks pregnant - what to expect
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            • 9 weeks pregnant - what to expect
            • 10 weeks pregnant - what to expect
            • 11 weeks pregnant - what to expect
            • 12 weeks pregnant - what to expect
          • Second trimester: weeks 13 to 28
            • 13 weeks pregnant - what to expect
            • 14 weeks pregnant - what to expect
            • 15 weeks pregnant - what to expect
            • 16 weeks pregnant - what to expect
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            • 18 weeks pregnant - what to expect
            • 19 weeks pregnant - what to expect
            • 20 weeks pregnant - what to expect
            • 21 weeks pregnant - what to expect
            • 22 weeks pregnant - what to expect
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            • 24 weeks pregnant - what to expect
            • 25 weeks pregnant - what to expect
            • 26 weeks pregnant - what to expect
            • 27 weeks pregnant - what to expect
            • 28 weeks pregnant - what to expect
            • Second trimester worries
          • Third trimester - weeks 29 to 40
            • 29 weeks pregnant - what to expect
            • 30 weeks pregnant - what to expect
            • 31 weeks pregnant - what to expect
            • 32 weeks pregnant - what to expect
            • 33 weeks pregnant - what to expect
            • 34 weeks pregnant - what to expect
            • 35 weeks pregnant - what to expect
            • 36 weeks pregnant - what to expect
            • 37 weeks pregnant - what to expect
            • 38 weeks pregnant - what to expect
            • 39 weeks pregnant - what to expect
            • 40 weeks pregnant - what to expect
            • Third trimester worries
        • Early pregnancy
          • First trimester worries
          • 10 common pregnancy complaints
          • Check how healthy you are
          • Dos and don'ts of pregnancy (and reasons why)
          • Early signs of pregnancy
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          • Telling people about your pregnancy
          • How common is miscarriage?
        • Pregnancy news and blogs
          • Know your employment rights!
          • Movements Matter - challenging baby movement myths
        • Antenatal care
          • The booking appointment
          • Your antenatal appointment schedule
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          • What routine tests will I have in pregnancy?
          • Screening and diagnostic tests
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        • Nutrition in pregnancy
          • How much extra should I eat in pregnancy?
          • 5 easy breakfast ideas in pregnancy
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          • More support for you: Nutrition
          • What is a portion?
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            • Campylobactor and pregnancy
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        • Weight management
          • Overweight and pregnant
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        • Exercise in pregnancy
          • Making a plan for exercising in pregnancy
          • How active should I be
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            • Aerobics and pregnancy
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          • 10 tips for staying active in pregnancy
          • 5 easy office exercises
          • All about exercise in pregnancy
          • An easy pregnancy workout
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          • Exercise FAQs
            • Is it safe to exercise in pregnancy?
            • What exercises should I avoid?
            • At what stage should I stop exercising?
            • When should I stop running in pregnancy
            • Can I start doing yoga now that I am pregnant?
            • Is it safe to keep doing my normal exercise class
            • Can I exercise with SPD?
            • I'm overweight. What exercise can I do?
            • Does exercise cause miscarriage?
            • Does exercise cause premature birth?
        • Mental wellbeing
          • Questions about your emotions in pregnancy
          • Treatment for mental wellbeing
          • Ten tips to relax in pregnancy
          • Five ways to wellbeing in pregnancy
          • How stressed or anxious should I be before I get help?
          • Tips for improving mental wellbeing
          • Your baby’s mum
          • Relationship problems and pregnancy
          • Specific mental health conditions
            • Anxiety and panic attacks in pregnancy
            • Depression in pregnancy
            • Obsessive compulsive disorder
            • Fear of childbirth
              • Paula’s tokophobia story
            • Bipolar disorder
            • Postnatal depression
            • Eating disorders
            • Postpartum psychosis
            • Post traumatic stress disorder
          • Five ways to survive stress in pregnancy
          • Getting help and support
            • Further help and information
          • Emotional changes in pregnancy
            • Mental health myths and facts
          • Planning ahead for after the birth
            • Fourth trimester stories
            • I didn't have a clue
            • I felt like an alien in my own body
            • Planning for pregnancy and parenting after birth
          • Mental health FAQs
            • Am I depressed or just feeling down?
            • I am terrified about giving birth. What can I do about it?
            • I have antenatal depression. Will I get postnatal depression?
            • I'm stressed about everything. Will this effect my baby?
            • Is it safe to take antidepressants in pregnancy?
            • What if I'm really not coping?
            • Why do social services want to check on me after I've had the baby?
            • Will I be able to breastfeed if I'm on medication?
            • Will my baby be taken away?
            • Will my medication affect my baby?
          • Your stories about mental health in pregnancy
            • A doctor's view on mental wellbeing in pregnancy
            • A partner's viewpoint - Simon's story
            • Antenatal and postnatal depression - Abby's story
            • Antenatal and postnatal depression - Stephanie's story
            • Anxiety and depression - Sarah's story
            • Bipolar disorder - Jeanette's story
            • Pregnant after IVF - Ellie's story
            • Pregnant after a miscarriage - Amber's story
            • Pregnant after miscarriage - Lara's story
            • Tokophobia - Julie's story
        • Smoking and pregnancy
          • 10 great reasons to quit
          • Check the cost of smoking
          • Effects of carbon monoxide
          • Carbon monoxide testing
          • 10 steps to your Quit Plan
          • Electronic cigarettes and vaping
          • What happens when a pregnant woman smokes
          • Get help to stop smoking
          • The risks of secondhand smoke
          • 7 common myths about smoking
          • Effects of smoking on your baby
        • Alcohol in pregnancy
          • Alcohol unit calculator
          • Foetal alcohol syndrome
          • Tips for an alcohol-free pregnancy
        • Anterior placenta
        • Keeping your baby safe in pregnancy
        • Drugs and medicines
          • Illegal drugs during pregnancy
        • Pregnancy and work
        • Safest sleep position in pregnancy
        • Your pregnancy stories
          • Ruth’s breech birth story
          • Every waking moment was filled with torturous retching
          • Getting pregnant, trying to make friends and influence my husband
          • I’m pregnant. And I just want to say thanks, women.
          • My fit pregnancy
          • Second pregnancy
            • Hello baby - my birth story
      • Labour & birth
        • Caesarean section
          • C-section - benefits and risks
          • How to prepare for your C-section
          • What happens during a c-section?
          • What happens after a c-section ?
          • Tips for a healthy c-section recovery
          • Bleeding after a c-section: what to expect
          • C-section tips for dads and partners
          • Breastfeeding after a c-section
          • Coping with emotions after a c-section
          • When and how to exercise after a c-section
          • C-section advice for overweight women
          • Annie’s c-section birth story
          • Alison's c-section recovery story
        • The stages of labour
        • Symptoms of labour
        • Making your birth plan
        • Labour and birth FAQs
          • Do I need an injection to deliver the placenta?
          • Is it normal to be so worried about giving birth
          • Can anything bring labour on?
          • What happens if my baby is breech?
          • What is a doula?
          • Who can I choose to be my birth partner
          • What are the signs of labour?
        • Positions in labour
        • 4 ways your body gets ready for labour
        • 5 positive ways to prepare for labour
        • Assisted birth
        • Braxton Hicks
        • Delayed cord clamping (DCC)
        • Get your baby into the best birth position
        • How will I know when labour has started?
        • Monitoring your baby in labour
        • Packing your birth bag
          • Bringing baby home
        • The latent phase of labour
        • What to expect when your waters break
        • Where can I give birth?
          • Having a home birth
          • Having a water birth
            • Jade’s water birth experience
        • Membrane sweep
        • What to do when labour starts
        • Pain relief in labour
          • What is hypnobirthing?
            • Georgina and Nigel’s hypnobirthing experience
            • Louise’s hypnobirthing experience
        • Inducing labour
        • After the birth
          • What you will need for your baby
          • Bonding your baby
          • Coping with sleepless nights
          • Feeding your baby
            • Breastfeeding
            • Breastfeeding FAQs
            • Expressing
            • Combine feeding
            • Formula feeding
            • Formula feeding FAQs
          • Your body after the birth
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      • Pregnancy complications
        • Baby loss
          • Miscarriage
            • Recurrent miscarriage
              • Recurrent miscarriage stories
            • Symptoms of miscarriage
            • After a miscarriage
              • What to be aware of if you have had a miscarriage
            • Causes of miscarriage
            • Frequently asked questions about miscarriage
              • Can lifestyle choices cause miscarriage?
              • Does bleeding always end with a miscarriage?
              • How do I get referred to a doctor who specialises in miscarriage?
              • How likely is a miscarriage and what can I do to stop it?
              • If I do miscarry what might happen next?
              • My partner had a miscarriage a few months ago and still cries about it. I can’t seem to cheer her up.
              • What are the miscarriage signs and what should I do if I think I am having a miscarriage?
              • What happens next if I have miscarried?
              • What happens to my baby after a miscarriage?
              • What happens to my body during a miscarriage?
              • When can I be tested for a problem and what tests can I have?
              • Will I find out straight away whether I have miscarried?
              • Will I miscarry again?
            • How to be a real support when someone you know experiences a miscarriage
            • How your miscarriage will be managed
              • Expectant management
              • Medical management
              • Surgical treatment
              • Tests after miscarriage
              • Treatment of late miscarriage
            • If you think you are having a miscarriage
            • Miscarriage support
              • Accessing support
              • Grieving for your baby
              • Other people’s reactions
              • Remembering your baby after a miscarriage
              • Supporting someone who has had a miscarriage
              • The effect on the family
              • Trying again after a miscarriage
                • "People ask if I would do it all over again....and they get an immediate YES!"
                • Pregnancy after loss
                  • "I am still in a land of disbelief that this beautiful little baby is now mine."
                  • 'I would dread every hospital appointment in case it was bad news, but I’m pleased to say it all went well'
              • Your feelings and emotions
              • Your partner’s feelings
            • NHS terms explained
            • Preventing miscarriage
            • Types of miscarriage
              • Early miscarriage
                • Early miscarriage stories
                  • Even as the panic set in on the way to the early pregnancy unit.
              • Chemical pregnancy
              • Incomplete miscarriage
              • Late miscarriage
                • Late miscarriage stories
                  • As I sit here 3 years on from the day that I delivered my beautiful sleeping daughter I have decided to share my story.
              • Missed miscarriage
          • Stillbirth
            • Having a post-mortem
            • Stillbirth symptoms and risks
            • Grieving for your baby
            • Definitions and medical terms relating to stillbirth
            • For family, friends and work colleagues – how to give support after a stillbirth
            • For work colleagues and managers – how to give support after a stillbirth
            • Giving birth to a stillborn baby
              • Postnatal care after a stillbirth
            • Planning the funeral for your stillborn baby
            • Pregnant after a stillbirth
            • Preventing stillbirth
            • Registering your baby’s stillbirth
            • Remembering your baby
            • Returning to work after a stillbirth
            • Spending time with your stillborn baby
            • Stillbirth explained
            • Support for grandparents affected by stillbirth
            • Supporting each other as a couple after a stillbirth
            • Supporting siblings through a stillbirth
            • Trying for another baby after a stillbirth
            • Your body after a stillbirth
            • Your rights and benefits after a stillbirth
          • Neonatal loss
            • Coping with grief
            • For family, friends and work colleagues – how to give support after a baby dies
            • Going back to work after a neonatal death
            • Having a post-mortem after a neonatal death
            • Planning a funeral for your baby
            • Pregnancy after neonatal loss
            • Registering a neonatal death and/or birth
            • Rights and benefits after a neonatal death
            • Spending time with your baby after a neonatal death
            • Support for grandparents after neonatal death
            • Support for siblings after the death of a baby
            • Supporting each other
            • Trying for another baby
            • Your body after neonatal loss
          • Molar pregnancy
            • Molar pregnancy stories
              • 'Do you want any more children?' is a question that I get asked constantly.
              • A scan revealed I had a “Molar” pregnancy.
              • I have four angels in the sky
              • I honestly never thought I would have another healthy baby
              • I thought I knew of everything that could go wrong - then they mentioned molar pregnancy
              • My partial molar pregnancy
              • Women need to know they are not alone and that they have someone they can talk to
          • Ectopic pregnancy
            • Ectopic pregnancy stories
              • Charlotte Crosby talks about her ectopic pregnancy
              • For the first time, the screen was turned towards me. I could see my baby's heart frantically pounding
              • Fortunately my story does have a happy ending
              • I have been through two missed miscarriages and an ectopic pregnancy.
              • I have had in total 15 pregnancies
              • I lost a tube and the little baby at 8 weeks gestation
              • I love you before I have even met you!
              • It has been an emotional journey but if I can get through this I can get through anything.
              • My body was still pregnant, but my baby had died
              • My husband and I were close to breaking point, we had so much tragedy on top of our losses and it was becoming too much.
              • My journey has been far from smooth
              • That's when my whole world fell apart
              • The situation was serious and I was admitted to hospital to have the tube removed including the foetus
              • The whole time I was pregnant I was convinced something would go wrong
              • They soon realised I was having an ectopic pregnancy. I ended up losing my fallopian tube along with my baby.
              • We both walked out of that room in utter shock and didn't speak the whole way home.
              • We stood at the top of Mount Etna
        • Premature birth
          • Treatment for premature birth/cervical incompetence
            • Delaying a premature birth
            • What you can do to reduce your risk of premature birth
          • Giving birth to your premature baby
            • Am I in early labour?
            • Giving birth to your premature baby FAQs
            • In utero transfer to a neonatal unit
          • Your baby's time in hospital
            • After your premature baby is born
            • Early days with your premature baby
            • Practical tips for surviving the baby unit
            • Transferring your premature baby
            • Caring for your baby: your role
            • Kangaroo care
            • Feeding your premature baby
            • Positioning your premature baby
            • Your premature baby - surgery
            • Your premature baby: tests and immunisation
            • Finding out the gestational age
            • How the baby unit works
            • Your premature baby - vision and hearing
            • Your premature baby: infection
            • Your premature baby: heart and blood flow
            • Breathing support for premature babies
            • Your baby's time in hospital, FAQs
              • Taking part in prematurity research
            • Other medical conditions and premature birth
          • At risk of premature birth
          • Causes of premature birth
            • Your pregnancy history
            • Pre-eclampsia and premature birth
            • Cone biopsy and LLETZ
            • Gestational diabetes and premature birth
            • Lifestyle and premature birth
            • Premature birth FAQs
          • Coping with premature birth
            • Premature birth and anxiety
            • Coping if you find out about health problems or disability
            • Managing relationships after premature birth
            • Premature birth and depression
            • Looking after yourself FAQs
            • If your premature baby dies
          • Free app for parents of premature babies
            • Terms and conditions, and privacy policy
          • Signs of premature labour
          • Taking your baby home
            • Caring for your premature baby at home
            • Feeding your premature baby at home
            • Going home with colostomy or ileostomy
            • Growth and development after prematurity
            • Health problems and disability
            • Helping your baby breathe at home
            • Illnesses
            • Protecting your premature baby from infection at home
            • Support for you and your premature baby at home
            • Taking your baby home FAQs
            • Your premature baby's digestion
        • Intrauterine infection
        • Anaemia
        • Antiphospholipid syndrome
        • Cervical incompetence
        • Cytomegalovirus (CMV)
        • Group B Strep (GBS)
        • Multiple pregnancy
        • Obstetric cholestasis (ICP)
          • Cat was diagnosed with obstetric cholestasis at 32 weeks.
          • It was my last Saturday at work when my legs and ankles started itching like crazy
          • The itching in pregnancy was irritating but the fear was worse
          • The itching was unbearable
        • Placenta praevia
        • Placental abruption
        • Pre-eclampsia
        • Retained placenta
        • Uterine abnormality
        • Vasa praevia
        • Waters breaking early (PPROM)
        • What issues can affect the placenta?
        • Intrauterine growth restriction
        • Pelvic pain
        • Type 1 or 2 diabetes
          • Planning a pregnancy with diabetes
          • Risks of type 1 or 2 diabetes in pregnancy
          • Treatment of type 1 or 2 diabetes in pregnancy
            • First trimester with type 1/2 diabetes
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          • Always Ask - a safer pregnancy campaign
            • 'I delayed making that call'. Jo's story for #AlwaysAsk
            • 'I didn’t want to be a nuisance' Amy's story for #AlwaysAsk
            • 'I kept ignoring everyone.' Caroline's story
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            • Always Ask - speaking up in pregnancy
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        • Severe headache
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        • My midwife isn't listening
    • Tommy's Cookie Policy
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  • Miscellaneous Pages

    • Costa Inspirational Mum Award
    • Welcome to Brighton Team Tommy's!
    • 'The Grand. The Quirky. The Hidden'
    • 25 years of Tommy's
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    • Download your exclusive Peppa Pig activity sheets here!
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    • Edinburgh Night Ride 2018
    • Ella: born beautiful but sleeping
    • Every parent deserves answers.
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    • Impact of Tommy's clinics 2017
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    • In memory: Team snow baby Sahil
    • Individual Award winners
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    • International Women's Day 2018
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    • Lansinoh Healthcare Hero Award
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    • The 2018 Tommy's Danceathon - sponsorship donation
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    • The Arla Big Milk Inspirational Mum
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    • The silent problem of reduced fetal movements: Stacey Lebond shares her story with Tommy's
    • The Tommy's Danceathon 2018
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    • The true cost of inadequate mental health care for pregnant women
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    • This is a scheduled test
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    • Tommy's and Little Dish
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    • Tommy's Big Give Christmas Challenge opens TUESDAY 27 NOVEMBER at MIDDAY
    • Tommy's Centre for Improving Maternity Care
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    • Tommy’s Events – Terms and Conditions (Gold Bond)
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    • Welcome to Team Tommy's for Nightrider Bristol!
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    • You're a Super Champion!
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© 2019. Tommy’s is a registered charity in England and Wales (1060508) and Scotland (SC039280).

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